Such SPV systems can be installed at the rooftops of residential and commercial complex housing societies, community’s centres, Government organization private institution etc.

About 10-12 Sq.mt area is required to set up 1 KWp Grid Connected Rooftop Solar PV System.

It brings down your electricity bill. You contribute immensely towards environmental protection. Consumer generates electricity according to his necessity. Surplus power can be supplied to the Grid. Reduction in electricity bill, as it is prepared after adjusting import and export of power. MNRE, GOI provides 30% subsidy on installation of Rooftop solar power plants in domestic sector and non- profit making institutions. Reduction in payback period after availing Generation Based Incentive (GBI).

In net-metering, the excess solar energy is exported to the grid. The same excess solar energy exported is deducted from the energy imported from the grid subject to certain conditions. The consumer pays for the net-energy imported from the grid.

In Group Net Metering arrangement, all energy produced by a collectively owned solar PV System is fed into the grid, which is credited on pro-data basis into the electricity bill of each participating consumer.

An on-grid solar system is a solar power system that is connected to the electricity grid

An on-grid solar system generates electricity from sunlight using solar panels, which is then converted into usable electricity for your home or business. Any excess electricity generated can be fed back into the grid.

Some benefits of an on-grid solar system include reduced electricity bills, lower carbon footprint, and the potential to earn money through net metering.

The cost of an on-grid solar system in India, Kerala can vary depending on the size of the system and the quality of the components used. On average, a 5kW system can cost between Rs. 3-4lakhs.

Yes, the government of India offers various incentives and subsidies for installing solar power systems, Currently PM Surya Khar program is running. In that residential customer can avail subsidy up to 78,000 for 3 kW.

The installation of an on-grid solar system can typically take between 1-2 weeks, depending on the size of the system and the complexity of the installation. But subsidy and other documentation process need some more time, So in total on an average 20 days to complete all process for residential systems. But system capacity is higher, it may take more time.

No, an on-grid solar system is designed to shut off during power outages to prevent back feeding electricity into the grid, which can be dangerous for utility workers.

Net metering , Gross metering and Net billing.

On-grid solar systems are designed to last for 25-30 years, with regular maintenance and cleaning.

No, on-grid solar systems do not require batteries as they are connected to the electricity grid and can draw power from it when needed.

Yes, you can install an on-grid solar system on your rooftop in Kerala, as long as you have enough space and sunlight exposure.

The amount of electricity generated by an on-grid solar system in Kerala can vary depending on factors such as the size of the system, the quality of the components used, and the amount of sunlight received.On an average per kW generate 4 units per day.

Yes, on-grid solar systems are environmentally friendly as they generate electricity from sunlight, which is a renewable and clean source of energy.

Yes, you can install anon-grid solar system in a rented property in Kerala, but you will need permission from the property owner.

Yes, on-grid solar systems require maintenance, including cleaning the solar panels and checking the system for any issues. But cost is lesser compared to other types like off grid and hybrid.

Yes, you can install an on-grid solar system on a flat roof, as long as it has enough space and sunlight exposure.

The amount of space required to install an on-grid solar system in Kerala can vary depending on the size of the system and the number of solar panels needed. On an average per kW need 80 Square feet

Yes, you can install an on-grid solar system in a remote area, as long as there is access to the electricity grid.

Yes, you can install an on-grid solar system on a sloped roof, as long as it has enough space and sunlight exposure.

No, on-grid solar systems are silent as they do not have any moving parts.

It is recommended to hire a professional solar installer to install an on-grid solar system in Kerala to ensure it is done correctly and safely. Also subsidy can be claimed through empanelled vendor only

Yes, you can add more solar panels to your on-grid solar system in Kerala to increase its capacity and generate more electricity. But you should take approval for the same from KSEB (discom)

Yes, there are various financing options available, including loans, to help you finance the installation of an on-grid solar system in Kerala.7 to 8% range interest rate you will get residential solar loans. use Jan Samarth Application for the same.

Yes, you may be eligible for tax benefits for installing an on-grid solar system in Kerala but for commercial only.

In grid connected rooftop or small solar photovoltaic (SPV) system, the DC power generated from solar panel is converted to AC power using power conditioning unit/ Inverter and is fed to the grid. Operating modes of grid connected rooftop solar PV system can be explained

Solar PV Modules/Solar Panels – The Solar PV modules/Solar Panels convert solar energy to DC (direct current) electrical energy. They are available in different technologies such as crystalline silicon, thin film silicon, CIGS, CdTe, HIT, etc. Crystalline Silicon Solar PV panels are most commonly used in solar rooftop system. Multiple panels are connected together to form arrays as per the desired capacity of the system. i. Inverter – Inverter converts variable DC output of Solar PV panels into AC power. Inverter also synchronizes with the grid so that generated power from the module can be injected into the grid. ii. Module mounting structure – The module mounting structure, is the support structure that holds the Solar PV panels in place for full system life and is exposed to all weather conditions. These are normally fixed at particular angle and orientation in case of solar rooftop system. But these can also be of type that tracks the Sun, called as trackers. iii. Bi-direction Meters – Meters are used to record the generation or consumption of electricity. Bi-direction (or Net-Meters) are used to keep track of the electricity that solar PV system injects to utility grid and the electricity that is drawn from the utility grid. iv. Balance of System – These consist of cables, switchboards, junction boxes, earthing system, circuit breaker, fuses, lightning protection system, etc.

Solar modules (and cells within) need uninterrupted sunlight to produce maximum electrical energy. With the shadow even on a part of the module, the generation reduces to a great extent thereby wasting installed system capacity. Also, prolonged (regular, though intermittent) shadow on some cells or modules reduces their life substantially and these become useless much before their standard life of over 25 years.

Rooftop solar PV systems can be installed on any type of roof having sufficient load bearing capacity.

On a clear sunny day, 1 kWp solar power plant can generate 4 to 5.5 units in a day.

No, the daily energy generation from the RTS shall be dependent on the temperature and solar irradiance among other parameters and these may not be same every day.

i. Plant Location ii.Quality of equipment used iii.No. of sunshine hours iv. Workmanship v.PV module tilt angle and orientation vi. Module Cleaning vii.O&M activities etc

i. Plant Location ii.Quality of equipment used iii.No. of sunshine hours iv. Workmanship v.PV module tilt angle and orientation vi. Module Cleaning vii.O&M activities etc

No. On exposure to sunlight and outside environment, the solar module loses their generation capacity and this is called degradation.

Saving on electricity bill by the consumer, Utilization of available vacant roof space, no additional land required., Low gestation period., No additional requirement of transmission and distribution (T&D) lines., Reduces T&D losses as power consumption and generation are collocated., Improvement in the tail-end grid voltages and reduction of system congestion., Long term energy and ecological security by reduction in carbon emission., Better management of daytime peak loads by DISCOM/ utility., Meeting of the Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPOs) of obligated entities

All solar PV systems generate power only during daytime when sun is available. In net metered systems, the generated power is utilized for self-consumption, and excess power is exported to the grid as long as grid is available. In case, where solar power is not sufficient due to cloud cover etc., power is drawn from the grid to power the loads. A bi-directional or net meter records the energy flow in both the directions and at the end of billing period net energy used is calculated. The beneficiary has to pay for only the net energy used.

In gross metering the power generated from the Rooftop Solar plant is only fed to the grid. The system owner gets paid by the DISCOM for such exported power at a pre- decided tariff.

Connections in net billing RTS are similar to net metering. However, at the end of the billing cycle (normally a month) any excess energy in the grid shall not be carried forward like in net metering, but shall be purchased by the DISCOM as per pre decided tariff. Therefore, energy banking in the grid is only within a billing cycle.

With several common rooftops available in a society, there is a great potential for harnessing solar energy through rooftop PV systems. The energy generated from these systems is used to offset the common loads of the society (common lighting, lift, pumps, etc.). A Net Meter shall be provided against, the Single Point Delivery (SPD) common meter of Cooperative Group Housing Society (CGHS). In this, the society ultimately gets benefitted in terms of reduced monthly electricity expenses.

The system is easy to be dismantled and reassembled elsewhere. So, it can be shifted to your new residence.

Yes. Only indigenously manufactured PV modules with indigenous solar cell can be used in Solar PV systems power plants for subsidized sector projects.

Compared to most other power generating technologies, solar PV systems have very low maintenance and servicing requirements. However, suitable maintenance of a PV plant is essential to optimise energy yield and maximise the life of the system. Some of the maintenance activities typically may include but not limited to the following: i. Module cleaning is required periodically (dust, bird dropping and other debris can cause decrease in power generation). Periodicity depends on local conditions like dust, birds, air pollution, etc. ii. Other items should be checked periodically as stated below: 1. Checking module connection integrity 2. Checking junction boxes / string combiner boxes 3. Inspecting mechanical integrity of mounting structures 4. Tightening cable connections that have loosened 5. Replacing blown fuses 6. Repairing lightning damage 7. Repairing equipment damaged by intruders or during module cleaning

Compared to most other power generating technologies, solar PV systems have very low maintenance and servicing requirements. However, suitable maintenance of a PV plant is essential to optimise energy yield and maximise the life of the system. Some of the maintenance activities typically may include but not limited to the following: i. Module cleaning is required periodically (dust, bird dropping and other debris can cause decrease in power generation). Periodicity depends on local conditions like dust, birds, air pollution, etc. ii. Other items should be checked periodically as stated below: 1. Checking module connection integrity 2. Checking junction boxes / string combiner boxes 3. Inspecting mechanical integrity of mounting structures 4. Tightening cable connections that have loosened 5. Replacing blown fuses 6. Repairing lightning damage 7. Repairing equipment damaged by intruders or during module cleaning

Energy Charge  10 % Electricity duty  Fuel surcharge ( Excess for Power purchase)  Fixed charge  Meter rent  18% GST of meter rent  Auto recovery fuel surcharge

A hybrid solar power plant combines solar photovoltaic (PV) panels with another power source, typically a diesel generator or the grid, and often includes a battery storage system. This setup ensures a reliable and consistent power supply even when solar energy is insufficient.

Hybrid systems generate electricity using solar panels and store excess energy in batteries. When solar power is unavailable or insufficient, the system can draw energy from the batteries, the grid, or a generator. This ensures an uninterrupted power supply.

Reliability: Provides a consistent power supply even during cloudy days or at night. Cost Savings: Reduces electricity bills and fuel costs by optimizing the use of solar energy. Energy Independence: Less dependence on the grid or fuel supply. Environmental Impact: Reduces carbon footprint by using renewable energy.

Solar panels, Inverter (Hybrid or multiple), Battery storage, Backup generator (optional), Charge controller, Monitoring system

Yes, Kerala's climate, with abundant sunlight and occasional power outages, makes it an ideal location for hybrid solar power plants. The system ensures energy availability during rainy seasons and power cuts.

The cost varies based on the system size, components, and installation. Generally, prices range for 3kw from INR 4 to5 lakh for small residential systems to several lakhs for larger commercial setups. The cost also depends on the battery technology used and the required backup capacity for the house. Subsidies and incentives may reduce the overall cost.

Yes, the Indian government and Kerala state government offer various subsidies and incentives for solar power installations, which can significantly reduce the initial investment.

Regular Cleaning: Keep solar panels clean to ensure maximum efficiency. Battery Maintenance: Check and maintain batteries according to the manufacturer's guidelines. System Checks: Regularly inspect the entire system for any issues or wear and tear. Professional Service: Schedule periodic maintenance with a certified professional to ensure optimal performance.

Yes, existing solar power systems can often be upgraded to hybrid systems by adding batteries and a hybrid inverter.

The installation time varies based on the system size and complexity but typically ranges from a few days to a couple of weeks.

Solar panels typically last 25-30 years, while inverters last about 10-15 years. Battery lifespan varies based on the type and usage but generally ranges from 5 to 15 years.

Most modern systems come with monitoring solutions that provide real-time data on energy production, consumption, and battery status. These can be accessed via mobile apps or online portals.

Energy Needs: Assess your energy consumption to determine the appropriate system size., Space Availability: Ensure you have enough space for solar panels and batteries., Budget: Consider the initial investment and long-term savings., Professional Consultation: Seek advice from certified solar professionals to design and install the system.

Golden Ray Renewable Energy for consultations, quotes, and installations.

Many financial institutions offer loans and financing options for solar installations. Additionally, companies like Golden Ray offer easy EMI options to make solar adoption more affordable.

Yes, hybrid solar power plants are environmentally friendly. By using solar energy, they significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. The inclusion of battery storage helps maximize the use of renewable energy, further reducing the environmental impact.

Yes, hybrid solar power plants can be scaled up to meet increasing energy demands. Additional solar panels, batteries, and other components can be integrated into the existing system as needed.

Initial Cost: The upfront investment can be higher than standard solar systems due to the additional components like batteries and hybrid inverters., Maintenance: Regular maintenance is required to ensure optimal performance, especially for batteries., Space Requirement: Sufficient space is needed for installing solar panels and battery storage., Technical Complexity: Designing and installing a hybrid system requires expertise to ensure all components work seamlessly together.,

Common types of batteries used in hybrid solar power plants include: Lead-Acid Batteries: Cost-effective but require regular maintenance and have a shorter lifespan. Lithium-Ion Batteries: More expensive but offer longer lifespan, higher efficiency, and lower maintenance. Flow Batteries: Suitable for large-scale storage, offering long life and high efficiency, but can be costly.

During power outages, the hybrid system can automatically switch to battery power or a backup generator, ensuring an uninterrupted power supply. This makes hybrid systems particularly beneficial in areas with unreliable grid power.

Yes, hybrid solar power plants can contribute to grid stability by providing excess power to the grid during peak production times and drawing from the grid during low production times. This helps balance supply and demand, reducing strain on the grid.

Yes, hybrid solar power plants are eligible for net metering in Kerala. This allows you to sell excess electricity generated by your system back to the grid, earning credits that can offset your electricity bills.

Proper Installation: Ensure the system is installed by certified professionals to meet safety standards. Battery Safety: Follow manufacturer guidelines for battery storage and maintenance to prevent hazards like overheating or leaks. Regular Inspections: Schedule periodic inspections to detect and address potential issues early. Fire Safety: Install appropriate fire safety equipment and ensure proper ventilation for batteries.

Hybrid solar power plants can be integrated with smart home systems to enhance energy management. This allows homeowners to monitor energy production, consumption, and storage through smart devices, optimizing energy use and cost savings.

The Kerala government and central government provide various incentives, subsidies, and policies to support the adoption of solar energy, including hybrid systems. These policies aim to promote renewable energy use, reduce carbon emissions, and make solar energy more accessible and affordable.

Energy Assessment: Conduct an energy audit to determine your consumption patterns and energy needs. Budget: Consider your budget, including initial investment and long-term savings. Component Quality: Choose high-quality components with good warranties and support. Professional Advice: Consult with solar experts to design a system that meets your specific requirements.

Too Expensive: While the initial cost may be higher, long-term savings and government incentives make them cost-effective. Complex Maintenance: Regular maintenance is necessary but not overly complex, especially with professional support. Limited Efficiency: Modern hybrid systems are highly efficient, and technological advancements continue to improve their performance.